平时在 Linux 上查看磁盘信息都使用 df -lh , -l 显示本地文件系统， -h 来表示 human readable 。虽然 df 在一定程度上能够满足查询磁盘剩余空间的需求，但是这里要介绍一款强大于 df 的命令 —- di 。
使用如下命令安装
sudo apt install di
di 命令是 disk information 的缩写，直接运行 di 会有如下结果
di
Filesystem Mount Size Used Avail %Used fs Type
/dev/sda1 / 901.2G 188.3G 667.1G 26% ext4
tmpfs /dev/shm 7.8G 0.1G 7.6G 2% tmpfs
tmpfs /run 1.6G 0.1G 1.5G 4% tmpfs
cgmfs /run/cgmanager/ 0.1M 0.0M 0.1M 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/lock 5.0M 0.0M 5.0M 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/user/0 1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/user/1000 1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /sys/fs/cgroup 7.8G 0.0G 7.8G 0% tmpfs
/dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker 901.2G 188.3G 667.1G 26% ext4
di 默认的输出就是比较人性化的了。
看 di 的使用介绍 man di 就会发现 di 是这么介绍自己的
> di Displays usage information on mounted filesystems. Block values are reported in a human readable format. If the user or group has a disk quota, the values reported are adjusted according the quotas that apply to the user.
一些简单的使用
A 选项打印所有挂载设备
di -A
Mount fs Type Filesystem
Options
Size Used Free %Used %Free
Size Used Avail %Used %Free
Size Used Avail %Used
Inodes IUsed IFree %IUsed
/ ext4 /dev/sda1
rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered
901.2G 188.3G 712.9G 21% 79%
901.2G 234.1G 667.1G 26% 74%
855.4G 188.3G 667.1G 22%
60014592 1372538 58642054 2%
/dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs
rw,nosuid,nodev
7.8G 0.1G 7.6G 2% 98%
7.8G 0.1G 7.6G 2% 98%
7.8G 0.1G 7.6G 2%
2036725 741 2035984 0%
/run tmpfs tmpfs
rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=1629380k,mode=755
1.6G 0.1G 1.5G 4% 96%
1.6G 0.1G 1.5G 4% 96%
1.6G 0.1G 1.5G 4%
2036725 777 2035948 0%
/run/cgmanager/fs tmpfs cgmfs
rw,relatime,size=100k,mode=755
0.1M 0.0M 0.1M 0% 100%
0.1M 0.0M 0.1M 0% 100%
0.1M 0.0M 0.1M 0%
2036725 14 2036711 0%
/run/lock tmpfs tmpfs
rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k
5.0M 0.0M 5.0M 0% 100%
5.0M 0.0M 5.0M 0% 100%
5.0M 0.0M 5.0M 0%
2036725 4 2036721 0%
/run/user/0 tmpfs tmpfs
rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=1629380k,mode=700
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% 100%
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% 100%
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0%
2036725 4 2036721 0%
/run/user/1000 tmpfs tmpfs
rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=1629380k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% 100%
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% 100%
1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0%
2036725 36 2036689 0%
/sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs tmpfs
rw,mode=755
7.8G 0.0G 7.8G 0% 100%
7.8G 0.0G 7.8G 0% 100%
7.8G 0.0G 7.8G 0%
2036725 18 2036707 0%
/var/lib/docker/aufs ext4 /dev/sda1
rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered
901.2G 188.3G 712.9G 21% 79%
901.2G 234.1G 667.1G 26% 74%
855.4G 188.3G 667.1G 22%
60014592 1372538 58642054 2%
c 选项逗号分割
使用 -c 选项分割输出
di -c
s,m,b,u,v,p,T
"/dev/sda1","/","901.2G","188.3G","667.1G",26%,"ext4"
"tmpfs","/dev/shm","7.8G","0.1G","7.6G",2%,"tmpfs"
"tmpfs","/run","1.6G","0.1G","1.5G",4%,"tmpfs"
"cgmfs","/run/cgmanager/fs","0.1M","0.0M","0.1M",0%,"tmpfs"
"tmpfs","/run/lock","5.0M","0.0M","5.0M",0%,"tmpfs"
"tmpfs","/run/user/0","1.6G","0.0G","1.6G",0%,"tmpfs"
"tmpfs","/run/user/1000","1.6G","0.0G","1.6G",0%,"tmpfs"
"tmpfs","/sys/fs/cgroup","7.8G","0.0G","7.8G",0%,"tmpfs"
"/dev/sda1","/var/lib/docker/aufs","901.2G","188.3G","667.1G",26%,"ext4"
c 是 --csv-output 的缩写，为了便于程序解析
t 参数增加统计行
-t 参数在最后增加统计行
di -t
Filesystem Mount Size Used Avail %Used fs Type
/dev/sda1 / 901.2G 188.4G 667.0G 26% ext4
tmpfs /dev/shm 7.8G 0.1G 7.6G 2% tmpfs
tmpfs /run 1.6G 0.1G 1.5G 4% tmpfs
cgmfs /run/cgmanager/ 0.1M 0.0M 0.1M 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/lock 5.0M 0.0M 5.0M 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/user/0 1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /run/user/1000 1.6G 0.0G 1.6G 0% tmpfs
tmpfs /sys/fs/cgroup 7.8G 0.0G 7.8G 0% tmpfs
/dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker 901.2G 188.4G 667.0G 26% ext4
Total 1.8T 0.4T 1.3T 26%
s 参数对结果排序
di -s 默认更具 mount point 输出
di -sm默认 mount pontdi -sn不排序，按照挂载表 /etc/fstab 中顺序di -ss按照特殊设备di -st根据 filesystem typedi -sr逆序输出
排序方式可以组合使用，如：di –stsrm ：按照类型、设备、挂载点逆序排序。
di –strsrm ：按照类型、设备逆序、挂载点逆序排序。
f 选项自定义格式
di -fM
Mount
/
/dev/shm
/run
/run/cgmanager/fs
/run/lock
/run/user/0
/run/user/1000
/sys/fs/cgroup
/var/lib/docker/aufs
只打印 mount point
更多的 f 的选项可以直接参看 man di
总结
虽然 di 提供了比 df 更多更强大的功能，但是也有其缺点，大部分的 Linux 发行版默认是没有预装的。